Who says that pasta al pomodoro is boring?
The most iconic Italian dish, made with the simplest, cheapest, and most available ingredients you can think of, may not strike for creativity, I give you that. But it remains one of the most comforting foods I can think of, along with England’s bangers and mash—and anything with loads of cheese, if you ask me.
But in Naples, which is also its birthplace, pasta al pomodoro gets an interesting twist, one that is at once incredibly simple and incredibly effective in transforming this humble, everyday food into something truly luscious.
Let me introduce you to pasta allo scarpariello, a recipe that speaks volumes about the ingenuity and resourcefulness of Naples’ culinary tradition. It is a simple dish made with pasta, tomato sauce, garlic, olive oil, basil, and a generous amount of grated cheese, typically Parmigiano or Pecorino, which is not used as a topping, but as an ingredient of the sauce itself.
A bit of history
The origins of this dish, whose name translates as “the shoemaker’s pasta,” are rooted in the lively streets of the Spanish Quarters, where the shoemakers, or scarpari, once thrived. Its creation tells a story of simplicity, necessity, and culinary acumen: let us see why.
The recipe is believed to have been born out of the shoemakers’ community, in a time (probably the 19th century) when ingredients were often limited to what was readily available or received in exchange for services. Traditionally, it was prepared with leftovers from the Sunday meal, which often consisted of carne al sugo (meat stew): what was left of the sauce turned into the starting point for Monday’s lunch, a traditional characteristic of the best cucina povera, where nothing would go wasted. The sauce was then mixed with generous amounts of grated cheese—a product, we said, often given as a form of payment by customers who couldn’t afford to pay scarpari with money. This is why, originally, pasta allo scarpariello was a Monday dish. Over time, it transformed from a meal of necessity to a cherished recipe, making its way into the menus of trattorias and pizzerias.
But the essence of pasta allo scarpariello lies in its simplicity and the creativity it inspired in those who made it: initially, it was all about making do with what was at hand—be it leftover sauce or a mix of different pasta shapes available in the kitchen. Today, while fresh tomatoes and specific pasta shapes like mezzanelli or penne have become common in its preparation, the spirit of the dish remains unchanged: it continues to embody the resourcefulness of its origins, with cheese, particularly Pecorino, playing a central role, alongside the fresh burst of basil that brings the dish back to its roots.
What pasta should we use?
Pasta allo scarpariello should be made with pasta shapes that hold sauce well, such as mezzanelli, paccheri, and penne, but it’s also commonly prepared with spaghetti. The choice of shape plays a critical role, as it influences how the sauce clings to the pasta itself. Over time, preferences might have shifted to include more readily available or preferred pasta shapes, reflecting both regional availability and personal tastes.
The secret is all in the sauce!
At its core, the sauce for pasta allo scarpariello is tomato-based, an illustration of the simplicity of Neapolitan sauces. As we said, the sauce was made from leftovers of the Sunday ragù, carne al sugo, or with fresh tomatoes, depending on what was available. The sauce’s simplicity is its strength because it allows the flavors of the tomatoes and cheeses to shine through.
Choosing the right cheese
Cheese is a pivotal ingredient in pasta allo scarpariello. Traditionally, it involved a generous use of grated Pecorino and, in more recent variations, Parmigiano-Reggiano, both of which offer a depth of flavor and a creamy texture to the sauce. It’s interesting to see how their choice has always been connected, of course, to Neapolitan people’s legendary resourcefulness, but also to their penchant for bold, satisfying flavors. Key is the practice of incorporating cheese directly into the sauce rather than simply garnishing the finished dish with it: this is the most distinctive feature of our pasta allo scarpariello.
Let’s make it!
After all this talking, it’s time to try and make it! Here I give you the version proposed by La Cucina Italiana, which I trust because my grandmother (born in 1917) swore by it and we all know that le nonne hanno sempre ragione.
For a dish serving four, you’d start with either 320 grams of paccheri or mezzanelli pasta. The sauce is made from 400 grams of fresh or canned cherry tomatoes, flavored with a clove of garlic, and enriched with grated Parmesan and/or Pecorino cheese. Extra virgin olive oil, salt. Basil leaves at the end are the key to bringing out the flavors.
The process is straightforward:
- Begin by boiling water for the pasta in a large pot.
- In a pan, gently fry the garlic in olive oil until it starts to turn golden, then add the tomatoes. Season with salt and let it simmer for about 15 minutes before removing the garlic.
- Cook the pasta in boiling salted water until it’s very al dente, then drain it.
- Toss the pasta in the pan with the tomato sauce, adding handfuls of grated cheeses, and mixing well until the sauce becomes creamy.
- Serve garnished with basil leaves and a drizzle of raw olive oil.
Enjoying pasta allo scarpariello with a piece of bread to mop up the sauce is recommended: in the end, what’s a good meal if you don’t end it with a scarpetta?