If Termini Imerese, in the metropolitan area of Palermo, and Sciacca, in the province of Agrigento, compete for the title of the oldest Carnival in Sicily” while Aci Reale, in the metropolitan area of Catania, claims to host “he most beautiful, they are far from being the only Sicilian cities that celebrate the island’s most lively, boisterous, and colorful festival of the year. Quite the contrary!
One such celebration is the Carnevale del Murgo, held in Gioiosa Marea, part of the metropolitan city of Messina. Now in its 74th edition, the festival runs from February 2nd to March 4th. Festivities begin with La Racchia — a character, usually a woman, deliberately portrayed as unattractive, clumsy, and awkward, reminiscent of the traditional nanna, who is often accompanied by the nanno, a figure that, as per Carnival tradition, is symbolically burned at the close of the festivities.
Throughout the city streets, groups of adults and children spontaneously gather in costume, weaving a multicolored parade through the historic center, accompanied by lively music and impromptu dancing. Along the way, numerous stalls offer an array of local Carnival delicacies, ensuring that no reveler goes hungry.
The celebrations continue on February 16th with the Murgo, the true protagonist of the festival. This event features the grand parade of theMurghe, whose dazzling costumes and exuberant energy are impossible to miss. The rhythmic, infectious music accompanying them further fuels the festive atmosphere. As the procession winds through the city, the streets transform into an open-air theater, setting the stage for this beloved tradition that never fails to ignite excitement in both participants and spectators alike.
The parade sets off from Piazzetta della Murga — a fitting starting point — where singing and dancing set the tone for the revelry to come. Once the procession begins, the crowd itself becomes part of the spectacle, drawn into the lively energy of the performers. Along the route, several stops offer tastings of local specialties, leading up to the grand finale: the Nanà Carnival Show. Here, the festivities reach their peak, capturing the true essence of Carnival—a moment of pure joy and liberation before the solemnity of Lent, when merrymaking must be set aside.
Gioiosa Marea’s Carnival wouldn’t be complete without the grand parade of carri allegorici — elaborately decorated floats — which will take to the streets on February 23rd. The day will be filled with music, dancing, confetti, streamers, balloons, colors, and, above all, pure joy — especially for children, but certainly not for them alone.
On Giovedì Grasso (Fat Thursday), February 27th — a name that already evokes indulgence and festivity — the entire town will spill into the streets, actively taking part in the parade that will make its way through the historic center. This year, for the first time ever, the Carnival organizers have introduced a nighttime parade on March 1st, a brand-new addition aimed at encouraging even greater participation from the community. The celebrations will culminate on Martedì Grasso (Shrove Tuesday), March 4th, with the final parade and one last night of celebration.

At its heart, Carnival is a celebration of life, joy, friendship, togetherness, playfulness, freedom, and the art of disguise. It is a moment to reconnect with one’s roots, to break from routine, and for a brief time, to become someone — or something — entirely different. What makes this Carnival stand out among Sicily’s many others is its name: Murgo. The Murgo is a character dressed in a tailcoat and top hat, leading a small, wildly colorful and eccentric marching band while playing the violin. Its origins can be traced back to the Murga tradition of Argentina.
It was Captain Turi Zampino who first brought this tradition to Gioiosa Marea. Having left for Argentina in search of fortune, he immersed himself in the local folk dances before returning home, bringing with him what would eventually become an integral part of the town’s Carnival. Over time, this figure has become the very identity of Gioiosa Marea’s festivities, embodying its culture, history, and traditions.
The Murgo holds deep meaning for those who have family or friends who emigrated —particularly to America — because migration stories, despite their differences, share a common thread. Yet celebrating joy does not mean forgetting the sorrow of leaving one’s homeland; rather, it serves as a reminder that, just as Turi Zampino returned, so too can others. Like Colombina, Pulcinella, and Arlecchino, the Murgo has now become a popular Carnival mask, forever linked to the spirit of Gioiosa Marea.
Red, white, and black are the signature colors of the Murgo’s attire, and from this palette emerged a dish that has since become a culinary specialty of Gioiosa Marea: handmade linguine prepared with buckwheat flour and enriched with squid ink, giving the pasta its distinctive dark hue. A variety of seafood enhances the sauce — a fitting tribute to Turi Zampino, who, as a fisherman, could only be honored with a dish celebrating the flavors of the sea. Other local ingredients complete the recipe, including Pachino cherry tomatoes, wild fennel, and pine nuts—staples of many traditional Sicilian dishes. Naturally, no meal would be complete without a glass of Murgo Gioiosano, a locally produced wine that perfectly complements this symbolic dish.
Of course, no discussion of Sicilian Carnival cuisine would be complete without mentioning the cannolo, the island’s most iconic Carnival dessert. While enjoyed throughout Sicily, in Palermo, it is practically revered. This exquisite pastry consists of a crisp, cylindrical shell — its name, cannolo, referring to its tube-like shape — made from a dough of flour, honey, sugar, and rosé wine, which gives it its delicate crispness before being fried in lard. It is then filled with rich sheep’s ricotta cream, studded with chocolate chips, and topped with a candied orange peel — an absolute delight for the senses.
Turning to history, some records suggest that the first-ever carro allegorico—a grand allegorical float—was built in Palermo on March 3, 1601. It depicted the god Neptune, surrounded by dancing mermaids. Additionally, some participants, dressed as slaves, performed to the sound of Turkish instruments, such as drums. A particularly curious tradition featured entertainers dressed as pygmies, known as the Balla Virticchi. This peculiar name derives from the Latin verticulus, referring to the joints of the human body or the heavier part of a spindle once used to wind wool thread. Symbolically, it represents a person moving frantically, striving to reach a goal—any goal—yet never quite succeeding.
The history of Carnival is vast, and while its customs vary from place to place, one element remains universal: the desire to come together, celebrate, dance, and indulge in food. And for a people who cherish the joys of life and have elevated cuisine to an art form, Carnival offers the perfect occasion to savor the pleasures of the table before stepping into Lent with a light heart — knowing that Easter, with its renewed triumph of joy, feasting, and togetherness, is just around the corner.